from greeksyntax.lowfat import *

q = lowfat("nestle1904lowfat")

Split Constituents: All Verbs¶

In this notebook we will look at constituents split by a verb. Here is a list of split constituents according to the current Lowfat treebanks.

query = """
  for $v in //w[@class='verb']
  for $c in ($v/preceding-sibling::*, $v/following-sibling::*)
  let $min := min($c/descendant-or-self::*/@n)
  let $max := max($c/descendant-or-self::*/@n)
  where $min < $v/@n
    and $max > $v/@n
  return $c
"""

q.highlight(query)

Roles of Verbs in Split Constituent Constructions¶

Let's look at the role of the verb in that splits each constituent.

query = """
let $roles :=
  for $v in //w[@class='verb']
  for $c in ($v/preceding-sibling::*, $v/following-sibling::*)
  let $min := min($c/descendant-or-self::*/@n)
  let $max := max($c/descendant-or-self::*/@n)
  where $min < $v/@n
    and $max > $v/@n
  return $v/@role
return distinct-values($roles)
"""

print(q.xquery(query))

vc
v
adv
o

Roles of Split Constituents¶

Now let's look at the role of the split constituent in each clause.

query = """
let $roles :=
  for $v in //w[@class='verb']
  for $c in ($v/preceding-sibling::*, $v/following-sibling::*)
  let $min := min($c/descendant-or-self::*/@n)
  let $max := max($c/descendant-or-self::*/@n)
  where $min < $v/@n
    and $max > $v/@n
  return $c/@role
return distinct-values($roles)
"""

print(q.xquery(query))

p
s
o
o2
adv
io

Verbal Role, Participles and Infinitives, and Constituent Role¶

Some of the verbal roles seem most likely to occur with infinitives and participles. Let's look at the verbal role together with the mood of the verb, and see which constituent roles occur with each.

query = """
let $roles :=
  for $v in //w[@class='verb']
  for $c in ($v/preceding-sibling::*, $v/following-sibling::*)
  let $min := min($c/descendant-or-self::*/@n)
  let $max := max($c/descendant-or-self::*/@n)
  where $min < $v/@n
    and $max > $v/@n
  return string-join(($v/@role, $v/@mood, $c/@role),'.')
return sort(distinct-values($roles))
"""

print(q.xquery(query))

adv.infinitive.s
adv.participle.io
adv.participle.o
adv.participle.s
o.infinitive.adv
o.infinitive.s
v.imperative.io
v.imperative.o
v.imperative.o2
v.indicative.adv
v.indicative.io
v.indicative.o
v.indicative.o2
v.indicative.s
v.infinitive.adv
v.infinitive.o
v.infinitive.o2
v.infinitive.s
v.optative.o
v.participle.adv
v.participle.o
v.participle.o2
v.participle.s
v.subjunctive.adv
v.subjunctive.io
v.subjunctive.o
v.subjunctive.o2
v.subjunctive.s
vc.imperative.adv
vc.imperative.p
vc.indicative.adv
vc.indicative.p
vc.indicative.s
vc.infinitive.p
vc.optative.s
vc.participle.p
vc.subjunctive.p

Verbs in the `v` Role¶

The following verbs occur in the v role:

query = """
let $verbs :=
  for $v in //w[@role='v']
  for $c in ($v/preceding-sibling::*, $v/following-sibling::*)
  let $min := min($c/descendant-or-self::*/@n)
  let $max := max($c/descendant-or-self::*/@n)
  where $min < $v/@n
    and $max > $v/@n
  return $v
return distinct-values($verbs/@lemma)
"""

print(q.xquery(query))

ἀκούω
ὁράω
ποιέω
ἔχω
δύναμαι
ἐξέρχομαι
βούλομαι
ἔξεστι(ν)
γίνομαι
αἴρω
γινώσκω
λέγω
δεῖ
συμφωνέω
πιπράσκω
μέλλω
θέλω
καταστρέφω
καλέω
ἀφίημι
εὑρίσκω
προσέρχομαι
δίδωμι
κάθημαι
ἅπτω
δέω
βάλλω
παραδίδωμι
ζητέω
λαλέω
συντηρέω
οἰκοδομέω
ἀναγινώσκω
ἄρχω
δοκέω
ἐπιτάσσω
εἰσέρχομαι
καταλείπω
εἰμί
εὐφορέω
ἔρχομαι
παραγίνομαι
οἶδα
ἀγοράζω
ὀφείλω
προσεργάζομαι
πέμπω
κρίνω
ἀπαρνέομαι
τελέω
διανοίγω
θεωρέω
ἐκχέω
αἰτέω
χαίρω
πιστεύω
βλέπω
δείκνυμι
ἀναχωρέω
σφραγίζω
ῥέω
ἀποκτείνω
ἀποθνῄσκω
ὑπάγω
νίπτω
τελειόω
φέρω
κεῖμαι
κατάγνυμι
συντρίβω
τολμάω
οἴομαι
βαπτίζω
ἵστημι
προορίζω
θεραπεύω
νομίζω
ἐπέρχομαι
ἀποστέλλω
ὑπονοέω
γράφω
ἰσχύω
ἐπιτίθημι
ἀσφαλίζω
πράσσω
καταντάω
συναθροίζω
ὑποστέλλω
διδάσκω
συγχέω
τάσσω
πειράζω
κωλύω
διαγίνομαι
φάσκω
ἐλπίζω
καταπίπτω
τυγχάνω
παραχειμάζω
ὑποτρέχω
κατανοέω
βουλεύω
μεταδίδωμι
καθοράω
εἶπον
λογίζομαι
ἐπικαλύπτω
λαμβάνω
περιπατέω
ἀπεκδέχομαι
ἐκκόπτω
διώκω
εὐχαριστέω
ἐκλέγω
μένω
ἀνακρίνω
θύω
πίνω
ἀποκαλύπτω
ἐγείρω
καταργέω
ἀνοίγω
ζάω
παρακαλέω
κατεργάζομαι
καθαιρέω
κηρύσσω
εὔχομαι
πείθω
ἀναγκάζω
παρατηρέω
ἐγκόπτω
πληρόω
λύω
δέχομαι
κάμπτω
εὐδοκέω
φανερόω
γνωρίζω
ἀρέσκω
ἀθετέω
ἐπίσταμαι
τίνω
ἐνεργέω
ἀντίκειμαι
ἐπιτρέπω
ἐμπίπτω
προΐστημι
ἀναστρέφω
σῴζω
τιμάω
οἰκέω
παρίστημι
προκόπτω
ὁμολογέω
ἐνδείκνυμι
ἐπιφαίνω
γεννάω
ἀναπέμπω
κληρονομέω
ἀμελέω
ὁρίζω
πίπτω
καταβάλλω
γεύομαι
ἀνίστημι
πρέπω
λατρεύω
κατασκευάζω
ἀναφέρω
προσφέρω
ἀξιόω
ἡγέομαι
ὑπομένω
μνημονεύω
ὀρέγω
αἱρέω
κλίνω
πλανάω
ἀποτίθημι
ἀποδίδωμι
ἐκφεύγω
παραιτέομαι
ἀναθεωρέω
εἰσφέρω
περιπίπτω
ἐπιθυμέω
ἐξαγγέλλω
βιόω
λαγχάνω
τρέμω
παράγω
ἀγαπάω
ἐπιφέρω
πορεύομαι
ἐλεάω
κλείω
ἀριθμέω
πολεμέω
ἐπιγράφω

Here are the passages in which they occur:

query = """
  for $v in //w[@role='v']
  for $c in ($v/preceding-sibling::*, $v/following-sibling::*)
  let $min := min($c/descendant-or-self::*/@n)
  let $max := max($c/descendant-or-self::*/@n)
  where $min < $v/@n
    and $max > $v/@n
  return $c
"""

q.highlight(query)

Verbs in the `vc` Role¶

The following verbs occur in the vc role:

query = """
let $verbs :=
  for $v in //w[@role='vc']
  for $c in ($v/preceding-sibling::*, $v/following-sibling::*)
  let $min := min($c/descendant-or-self::*/@n)
  let $max := max($c/descendant-or-self::*/@n)
  where $min < $v/@n
    and $max > $v/@n
  return $v
return distinct-values($verbs/@lemma)
"""

print(q.xquery(query))

εἰμί
γίνομαι
ὑπάρχω
ἐπικαλέω